Grate for furnaces



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S;- H. HUNTINGTON GRATE FOR FURNACES.

No. 326,295. I Patented Sept. 15, 1885.

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GRATB FOR FURNACES. No. 326,295. Patented Sept. 15, 1885.

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GRATE FOR FURNACES.

No. 326,295. Patented Sept; 15, 1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT Erica.

GRATE FOR FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 326,295, datedSeptember 15, 1885.

Application filed September 13, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, SILAS HYDE HUNTING- TON, of WVest Fittston, in thecounty of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new anduseful Improvements in Grates for Furnaces, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description.

The objects of my invention are to'econo- Inize time and labor in thecleaning of furnace fires, to equalize the airsupply or draft to thefire, to prevent the speedy burning out of the grate-bars or theirframe, and prevent also the formation of clinker on the furnace-walls,to secure a level settling of the fire as the gratebars are rotated toclean the fire.

The invention consists in special constructions of the roller grate-barsof the furnace to provide a free air-circulation through them to everypart of the fire, also in special constructions of the grate-bar framewith hollow teeth alternating with the teeth of the grate-bars, all ashereinafter fully described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part ofthis specification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures. Figure 1 is a plan view of myimproved grate and furnace, showing one of the roller grate-bars inhorizontal section and another bar partly broken away at the back end,and also showing the furnace-walls in section on the line 00 w a; m,Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a front vertical sectional elevation, partly brokenaway. Fig; 3 is a cross-sectional elevation through one of the rollergrate-bars, taken on the line y y, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectionalelevation taken on the line z 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an inside end view ofthe back end plate or head of one of the roller grate-bars. Fig. 6 is anedge view of the end plate. Fig. 7 is a face view of one of thebrace-rings of the roller grate-bars, and Fig. 8 is an edge view of thering. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of one of the grate-bars; and Fig. 10is a plan, partly in section, of the furnacewall, the air-passage, andthe side plates having the hollow perforated teeth.

My improved grate and furnace is adapted for use in locomotives, openfire-places, heating or cooking stoves, and in other situations, and insizes suitable to the manner of use.

The drawings represent a grate and furnace as adapted for use under asmall steam generator or boiler, four roller grate-bars being employed 5and where steam-boilers are set in pairs or nests the several series ofbars beneath the boilers will be separated by longitudinally-rangingpartitions having teeth alternating with the teeth of the adjacentroller grate-bars.

As the roller grate-bars are duplicates of each other, a description ofone bar will answer for all of them, as follows:

The complete grate-bar consists, mainly, of a number of separate bars,A, provided with exterior projections, teeth, or lugs,B, preferably castwith the bar and at uniform distances apart, and at like distances fromthe ends of all the bars A of each grate-bar, so that when the bars Aare assembled to form a grate-bar the teeth B will stand diametricallyopposite each other around the grate-bar or in the same plane crosswiseof the bar for each series of teeth around the bar. (See Fig. 1.)

The sides of the bars A taper inward and rest in the recesses 0 betweenthe lugs c of the spiders or rings 0, which rings are placed within thegrate-bar, so that the lugs c serve to space the bars A apart, as at D,for a distance corresponding to the width of the lugs, to formair-spaces between the bars, which thus are arranged parallel with eachother and in a general cylindrical or roller form, to constitute agrate-bar adapted to be turned or rocked to agitate and clear the fireby the action of the teeth B of the bars A, as hereinafter more fullydescribed. As many of the interior bar spacing and bracing rings, 0, maybe used for each gratebar as may be necessary to give the properstiffness and strength to the united bars A. The drawings show two rings0 for each grate-bar, and any desired number of bars A may be employedfor each grate-bar, depending on the required diameter of the completeroller bar, six bars A being the preferred number for a grate-bar fiveinches in diameter at the bases of the opposite teeth, B.

To bind the several bars A of each gratebar together and upon theinterior rings, 0, as above described, I employ opposite end plates orheads, E F, which have dovetail-shaped recesses e in their peripheries,into which recesses the dovetailed ends a of the bars A are placed, anda cap-plate, G, then is placed over the ends of the bars A and the edgesof heads E F to hold the bars A snugly to the heads, said cap-platesbeing held to the ends of the tongues or lugs f of the heads by screws9, passed through the heads into the lugs or in any other approved way.

On the back or rear head-plate, E, of the grate-bar I form the gudgeonor journal H, which passes through the rear cap-plate, G, and enters therear plate, I, of the gratesupporting frame, which may be vheld abovethe ash-pit J by standards or brackets in any preferred way.

The gudgeon or journal K is screwed into or otherwise secured to theplate F after passing through the front bar, I, of the grateframe andthe front cap-plate, G, said journal having its bearing in the frontwall, L, of the furnace.

The journal K is made hollow to allow the passage of air to the interiorof the grate-bar, whence said air escapes from the surface of the bar tothe fuel to accelerate combustion through the openings D between thebars A, through the slots or openings M, ranging lengthwise of the barsA between the teeth B of the bars, and also through the openings'N,passing from the interior of the bars A into the interior spaces, b, ofthe hollow teeth B, and thence through the openings 0 O]? P, madethrough diametrically-opposite sides or faces of each tooth, andopenings R, made through the ends of the teeth.

It will be seen that the arrangement of the air-passages through andbetween the bars A insures a very free air-circulation through thegrate-bars, and also that the hollow construction of the teeth 13, inconnection with the air-passages through the side and end walls bearingsfrom time to time.

The circumferential rows of teeth B of the adjacent roller grate-barsalternate with each other and pass by each other at their points orends, and the grate-bars will be set at such distances from each otherand the teeth will be of such length that an irregular or sinuousopening will be formed between the gratebars. (See Fig. 1.)

I prefer to taper the front and rear faces of the teeth B, to make theends of the teeth narrower for better grinding effect in disintegratingthe ash or clinker of the fire as the gratebars are rotated continuouslyin the one direction or alternately in reverse directions by anysuitable mechanism.

On the sides I of the grate-frame next the side roller grate-bars of theseries I fix the plates A, having teeth B, in positions to alternatewiththe adj acent roller grate-bar teeth, and I provide said teeth B withopenings 0 P R, like those in the teeth B of the bars A, for insuring anair circulation to prevent burning them out.

I prefer to give rotary motion to the gratebars simultaneously, and todo this by means of a series of gear-wheels, T, fixed one to eachjournal Kand intermeshing with each other,

so that by turning a lever or crank handle,

U, fixed to one of the journals K or wheels T, all the bars will beworked together.

By turning the crank U continuously in either direction the grate-barswill be continuously rotated, as preferred, for clearing heavy fires,and by a partial reverse rotation of the crank the grate-bars will bepartially rotated or turned back and forth, which method may bepreferred for clearing light fires.

. It is evident that a grate constructed of I roller bars arrangedsubstantially as above described will equalize the draft and admit ofthe quick disposal of the ashes and of the clinker formations bygrinding the latter fine by the grate'bar teeth, so as to pass out withthe ashes and without great disturbance of the fire or waste of fuel,and dispensing entirely with the hard labor of using the poker orscraper in cleaning the fire.

In roller-grates set in furnaces having solid brick walls around thefire the proper action of the grates is much obstructed by the formationof clinker on the walls, which prevents the even or level settling -ofthe fire as it is cleared by the action of the grates. I propose toavoid this difiiculty by making.the grateframe at I I of metal, and byproviding a space or chamber,V, in the side walls, 1) v, and end wall,0, of the furnace and behind the grateframe, into which chamber airenters through an opening,W, made at the front of the furnace at oneside, and passes around through the chamber to escape from an opening,X, at the other side of the furnace-front, as shown. The current of airinduced in the chamberVby'the heat of the fire prevents overheating ofthe grate-frame and the formation of clinker thereon, so that the firewill settle down level over its entire area as it is cleared by therotary action of the grate-bars, as above described.

It may be possible and desirable to utilize the hot-air currents issuingfrom the opening X for heating purposes or for other useful work.

Having thus described my invention, what Iclaim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A grate-bar constructed of separate perforated bars A, having hollowperforated teeth IIO B, and spaced and braced apart by the rings forbinding the bars A together at the ends, substantially as shown anddescribed.

2. A grate-bar constructed of separate bars A, having hollow teeth B,and spaced apart by the rings or spiders (J, said bars A B having meansfor binding them together at the ends, and having openings M N O P R,substantially as shown and described.

3. A grate-bar constructed of separate bars A, having hollow teeth B,and spaced apart by the rings or spiders 0, said bars A B hav-, ingopenings M N O P R, and being bound together at the ends by thedovetailed headplates E F, having journals or gudgeons, and secured bycaps G G, to form a hollow roller grate -bar, substantially as shown anddescribed.

4. A grate-bar constructed of separate bars adjacent toothed rollergrate-bars, substano tially as shown and described.

SILAS HYDE HUNTINGTON.

Witnesses:

S. P. FENN, F. H. KYTE.

